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4.5 : Vérifiez les hypothèses de l'argument
https://query.libretexts.org/Francais/Livre_%3A_Comment_fonctionnent_les_arguments_-_Un_guide_pour_la_r%C3%A9daction_et_l'analyse_de_textes_au_coll%C3%A8ge_(Mills)/04%3A_%C3%89valuation_de_la_force_d'un_argument_(Logos)/4.05%3A_V%C3%A9rifiez_les_hypoth%C3%A8ses_de_l'argument
Pour tester la force d'un argument, nous pouvons identifier les hypothèses dont il dépend et déterminer si elles sont valides ou non.
4.5: Verifique as suposições do argumento
https://query.libretexts.org/Idioma_Portugues/Livro%3A_Como_funcionam_os_argumentos_-_um_guia_para_escrever_e_analisar_textos_na_faculdade_(Mills)/04%3A_Avaliando_a_for%C3%A7a_de_um_argumento_(logotipos)/4.05%3A_Verifique_as_suposi%C3%A7%C3%B5es_do_argumento
Para testar a força de um argumento, podemos identificar as suposições das quais ele depende e determinar se elas são válidas ou não.
4.5: 检查论据的假设
https://query.libretexts.org/%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87/%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%EF%BC%9A%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%BA%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E8%BF%90%E4%BD%9C%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%BE%E6%9C%AC%E5%86%99%E4%BD%9C%E5%92%8C%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97%EF%BC%88Mills%EF%BC%89/04%3A_4%EF%BC%9A%E8%AF%84%E4%BC%B0%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F%EF%BC%88%E5%BE%BD%E6%A0%87%EF%BC%89/4.05%3A_%E6%A3%80%E6%9F%A5%E8%AE%BA%E6%8D%AE%E7%9A%84%E5%81%87%E8%AE%BE
为了检验一个论点的强度，我们可以确定它所依赖的假设，并确定它们是否有效。
4：评估争论的力量（徽标）
https://query.libretexts.org/%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87/%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%EF%BC%9A%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%BA%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E8%BF%90%E4%BD%9C%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E8%AF%BE%E6%9C%AC%E5%86%99%E4%BD%9C%E5%92%8C%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97%EF%BC%88Mills%EF%BC%89/04%3A_4%EF%BC%9A%E8%AF%84%E4%BC%B0%E4%BA%89%E8%AE%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F%EF%BC%88%E5%BE%BD%E6%A0%87%EF%BC%89
我们可以通过检查论点的清晰度、寻找可能的例外情况、评估证据、研究假设以及检查它如何处理反驳来评估论据的力量。
4: Kutathmini Nguvu ya Hoja (Logos)
https://query.libretexts.org/Kiswahili/Kitabu%3A_Jinsi_Hoja_Kazi_-_Mwongozo_wa_Kuandika_na_Kuchambua_Maandiko_katika_Chuo_(Mills)/04%3A_Kutathmini_Nguvu_ya_Hoja_(Logos)
Tunaweza kutathmini nguvu ya hoja kwa kuangalia kwa uwazi, kutafuta tofauti iwezekanavyo, kutathmini ushahidi, kuchunguza mawazo, na kuangalia jinsi inashughulikia counterarguments.
4.5: Angalia mawazo ya Hoja
https://query.libretexts.org/Kiswahili/Kitabu%3A_Jinsi_Hoja_Kazi_-_Mwongozo_wa_Kuandika_na_Kuchambua_Maandiko_katika_Chuo_(Mills)/04%3A_Kutathmini_Nguvu_ya_Hoja_(Logos)/4.05%3A_Angalia_mawazo_ya_Hoja
Ili kupima nguvu ya hoja, tunaweza kutambua mawazo ambayo inategemea na kuamua kama ni halali au la.
4.5: तर्क की मान्यताओं की जांच करें
https://query.libretexts.org/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%BE/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95%3A_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82_-_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9C_(%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8)_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%94%E0%A4%B0_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%A3_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%8F_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A1/04%3A_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%8B)/4.05%3A_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%93%E0%A4%82_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9A_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82
किसी तर्क की ताकत का परीक्षण करने के लिए, हम उन धारणाओं की पहचान कर सकते हैं जिन पर यह निर्भर करता है और यह निर्धारित कर सकते हैं कि वे मान्य हैं या नहीं।
8.5: Barreiras para uma comunicação eficaz
https://query.libretexts.org/Idioma_Portugues/Livro%3A_College_Success_(OpenStax)/08%3A_Comunicando/8.05%3A_Barreiras_para_uma_comunica%C3%A7%C3%A3o_eficaz
Exemplos de marcadores de identidade cultural incluem os rituais que as pessoas observam, a música que um grupo prefere, o estilo de roupa que é usado, os idiomas do grupo étnico real ao qual pertence...Exemplos de marcadores de identidade cultural incluem os rituais que as pessoas observam, a música que um grupo prefere, o estilo de roupa que é usado, os idiomas do grupo étnico real ao qual pertence e suas várias comidas e celebrações, ou possivelmente os jogos que são o esporte preferido em algumas comunidades.
4: Avaliando a força de um argumento (logotipos)
https://query.libretexts.org/Idioma_Portugues/Livro%3A_Como_funcionam_os_argumentos_-_um_guia_para_escrever_e_analisar_textos_na_faculdade_(Mills)/04%3A_Avaliando_a_for%C3%A7a_de_um_argumento_(logotipos)
Podemos avaliar a força de um argumento verificando sua clareza, procurando possíveis exceções, avaliando as evidências, examinando as suposições e verificando como ele lida com contra-argumentos.
4.5: تحقق من افتراضات الحجة
https://query.libretexts.org/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9/%3A____-_______()/04%3A_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%85_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A9_(%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA)/4.05%3A_%D8%AA%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%82_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%AC%D8%A9
لاختبار قوة الحجة، يمكننا تحديد الافتراضات التي تعتمد عليها وتحديد ما إذا كانت صحيحة أم لا.
8.5：有效沟通的障碍
https://query.libretexts.org/%E7%AE%80%E4%BD%93%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87/%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%EF%BC%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E6%88%90%E5%8A%9F_(OpenStax)/08%3A_%E6%B2%9F%E9%80%9A/8.05%3A_8.5%EF%BC%9A%E6%9C%89%E6%95%88%E6%B2%9F%E9%80%9A%E7%9A%84%E9%9A%9C%E7%A2%8D
Meredith和Anvi正在合作开展一个传播课的营销项目：Anvi将为传单创作内容，梅雷迪思将确定最佳的广告平台。在头脑风暴会议中，两人意识到他们有一些悬而未决的问题，即传单应包含多少内容以及是否需要上交其他文档。梅雷迪思将其留给安维来澄清这些材料，因为传单的内容是她的责任。梅雷迪思在整个课堂上都不耐烦地等着 Anvi 询问作业。随着上课时间快到了，梅雷迪思大声说出来，在课堂面前告诉老师...Meredith和Anvi正在合作开展一个传播课的营销项目：Anvi将为传单创作内容，梅雷迪思将确定最佳的广告平台。在头脑风暴会议中，两人意识到他们有一些悬而未决的问题，即传单应包含多少内容以及是否需要上交其他文档。梅雷迪思将其留给安维来澄清这些材料，因为传单的内容是她的责任。梅雷迪思在整个课堂上都不耐烦地等着 Anvi 询问作业。随着上课时间快到了，梅雷迪思大声说出来，在课堂面前告诉老师 Anvi 对作业有疑问。你的答案来自陈规定型观念或经验吗？（或者两者兼而有之？）你对孩子仔细选择话语了吗？你以为男人会比女人更了解体育吗？你以为老人不会知道 Twitter 或 Instagram 吗？也许在与他人的互动中保持谨慎将有助于提高沟通的清晰度。 9 Saint-Exupéry、Antoine de 和 Katherine Woods。小王子。纽约：Harcourt Brace Jovanovich，1961 年。