11.5: Hyperbolas
- Page ID
- 176853
Mwishoni mwa sehemu hii, utaweza:
- Grafu hyperbola na kituo cha saa\((0,0)\)
- Grafu hyperbola na kituo cha saa\((h,k)\)
- Tambua sehemu za conic kwa usawa wao
Kabla ya kuanza, fanya jaribio hili la utayari.
- Kutatua:\(x^{2}=12\).
Kama amekosa tatizo hili, mapitio Mfano 9.1. - Panua:\((x−4)^{2}\).
Kama amekosa tatizo hili, mapitio Mfano 5.32. - Grafu\(y=-\frac{2}{3} x\).
Ikiwa umekosa tatizo hili, kagua Mfano 3.4.
Grafu Hyperbola na Kituo cha\((0,0)\)
Sehemu ya mwisho ya conic tutaangalia inaitwa hyperbola. Tutaona kwamba equation ya hyperbola inaonekana sawa na equation ya duaradufu, isipokuwa ni tofauti badala ya jumla. Wakati equations ya ellipse na hyperbola ni sawa sana, grafu zao ni tofauti sana.
Tunafafanua hyperbola kama pointi zote katika ndege ambapo tofauti ya umbali wao kutoka pointi mbili za kudumu ni mara kwa mara. Kila moja ya pointi fasta inaitwa lengo la hyperbola.
Hyperbola ni pointi zote katika ndege ambapo tofauti ya umbali wao kutoka pointi mbili fasta ni mara kwa mara. Kila moja ya pointi fasta inaitwa lengo la hyperbola.
Mstari kupitia foci, huitwa mhimili wa transverse. Vipengele viwili ambapo mhimili unaozunguka huingilia hyperbola ni kila vertex ya hyperbola. Midpoint ya sehemu ya kujiunga na foci inaitwa katikati ya hyperbola. Mstari unaozingatia mhimili unaozunguka unaopita katikati huitwa mhimili wa conjugate. Kila kipande cha grafu kinaitwa tawi la hyperbola.
Tena lengo letu ni kuunganisha jiometri ya conic na algebra. Kuweka hyperbola kwenye mfumo wa kuratibu mstatili unatupa fursa hiyo. Katika takwimu, tuliweka hyperbola hivyo foci\(((−c,0),(c,0))\) iko kwenye\(x\) -axis na katikati ni asili.
Ufafanuzi unasema tofauti ya umbali kutoka kwa foci hadi hatua\((x,y)\) ni mara kwa mara. Hivyo\(|d_{1}−d_{2}|\) ni mara kwa mara kwamba tutaita\(2a\) hivyo\(|d_{1}-d_{2} |=2 a\). Tutatumia formula ya umbali ili kutuongoza kwenye formula ya algebraic kwa ellipse.
\(\left|d_{1} - d_{2}\right| =2 a\)
Tumia formula ya umbali ili upate\(d_{1}, d_{2}\)
\(\left|\sqrt{(x-(-c))^{2}+(y-0)^{2}}-\sqrt{(x-c)^{2}+(y-0)^{2}}\right|=2 a\)
Kuondoa radicals. Ili kurahisisha equation ya ellipse, tunaruhusu\(c^{2}-a^{2}=b^{2}\).
\(\frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}+\frac{y^{2}}{c^{2}-a^{2}}=1\)
Hivyo, equation ya hyperbola unaozingatia asili katika fomu ya kawaida ni:
\(\frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}}=1\)
Ili graph hyperbola, itakuwa na manufaa kujua kuhusu intercepts. Tutapata\(x\) -intercepts na\(y\) -intercepts kutumia formula.
\(x\)-hukataa
Hebu\(y=0\).
\(\begin{aligned} \frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}} &=1 \\ \frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{0^{2}}{b^{2}} &=1 \\ \frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}} &=1 \\ x^{2} &=a^{2} \\ x &=\pm a \end{aligned}\)
\(x\)-intercepts ni\((a,0)\) na\((−a,0)\).
\(y\)-hukataa
Hebu\(x=0\).
\(\begin{aligned} \frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}} &=1 \\ \frac{0^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}} &=1 \\-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}} &=1 \\ y^{2} &=-b^{2} \\ y &=\pm \sqrt{-b^{2}} \end{aligned}\)
Hakuna\(y\) -intercepts.
\(a, b\)Maadili katika equation pia hutusaidia kupata asymptotes ya hyperbola. Asymptotes ni intersecting mistari ya moja kwa moja kwamba matawi ya mbinu grafu lakini kamwe intersect kama\(x, y\) maadili kupata kubwa na kubwa.
Ili kupata asymptotes, tunachora mstatili ambao pande zake zinaingiliana na x -axis kwenye vipeo\((−a,0),(a,0)\), na huingiliana\(y\) -axis saa\((0,−b), (0,b)\). Mstari ulio na diagonals ya mstatili huu ni asymptotes ya hyperbola. Mstatili na asymptotes si sehemu ya hyperbola, lakini hutusaidia graph hyperbola.
Asymptotes hupita kupitia asili na tunaweza kutathmini mteremko wao kwa kutumia mstatili tuliyopiga. Wana milinganyo\(y=\frac{b}{a} x\) na\(y=-\frac{b}{a} x\).
Kuna equations mbili kwa hyperbolas, kulingana na kama mhimili transverse ni wima au usawa. Tunaweza kujua kama mhimili wa transverse ni usawa kwa kuangalia equation. Wakati equation iko katika fomu ya kawaida, ikiwa\(x^{2}\) -mrefu ni chanya, mhimili wa transverse ni usawa. Wakati equation iko katika fomu ya kawaida, ikiwa\(y^{2}\) -mrefu ni chanya, mhimili wa transverse ni wima.
Milinganyo ya pili inaweza kupatikana sawa na kile tulichokifanya. Sisi muhtasari matokeo hapa.
Fomu ya kawaida ya Equation Hyperbola na Kituo\((0,0)\)
Aina ya kiwango cha equation ya hyperbola na kituo\((0,0)\), ni
\(\frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}}=1 \quad\)au\(\quad \frac{y^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{x^{2}}{b^{2}}=1\)
Kumbuka kwamba, tofauti na equation ya duaradufu, denominator ya\(x^{2}\) si mara zote\(a^{2}\) na denominator ya\(y^{2}\) si mara zote\(b^{2}\).
Angalia kwamba wakati\(x^{2}\) -mrefu ni chanya, mhimili wa transverse ni juu ya\(x\) -axis. Wakati\(y^{2}\) -mrefu ni chanya, mhimili wa transverse ni juu ya\(y\) -axis.
Aina ya kawaida ya Equation Hyperbola na Kituo\((0,0)\)
\(\frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}}=1\) | \(\frac{y^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{x^{2}}{b^{2}}=1\) | |
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Mwelekeo | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Mhimili unaozunguka kwenye\(x\) -mhimili. Inafungua kushoto na kulia |
\ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b^ {2}} =1\) ">Mhimili unaozunguka kwenye\(y\) -mhimili. Inafungua juu na chini |
Vipeo | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((-a, 0),(a, 0)\) | \ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((0,-a),(0, a)\) |
\(x\)-hukataa | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((-a, 0),(a, 0)\) | \ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">hakuna |
\(y\)-hukataa | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">hakuna | \ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((0,-a),(0, a)\) |
Mstatili | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Matumizi\(( \pm a, 0)(0, \pm b)\) | \ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Matumizi\((0, \pm a)( \pm b, 0)\) |
Asymptotes | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\(y=\frac{b}{a} x, y=-\frac{b}{a} x\) | \ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\(y=\frac{a}{b} x, y=-\frac{a}{b} x\) |
Tutatumia mali hizi kwa graph hyperbolas.
Grafu\(\frac{x^{2}}{25}-\frac{y^{2}}{4}=1\).
Suluhisho:
Hatua ya 1: Andika equation katika fomu ya kawaida. | Equation iko katika fomu ya kawaida. | \(\frac{x^{2}}{25}-\frac{y^{2}}{4}=1\) |
Hatua ya 2: Kuamua kama mhimili wa transverse ni usawa au wima. | Kwa kuwa\(x^{2}\) -mrefu ni chanya, mhimili wa transverse ni usawa. | Mhimili wa transverse ni usawa. |
Hatua ya 3: Pata vipeo. | \(a^{2}=25\)Tangu wakati huo\(a=\pm 5\). Vipande ni juu ya\(x\) -axis. | \((-5,0),(5,0)\) |
Hatua ya 4: Mchoro mstatili unaozingatia katika makutano ya asili ya mhimili mmoja\(\pm a\) na mwingine\(\pm b\). |
Tangu\(a=\pm 5\), mstatili utaingiliana na\(x\) -axis kwenye vipeo. Tangu\(b=\pm 2\), mstatili utaingiliana na\(y\) -axis\((0,-2)\) na\((0,2)\). |
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Hatua ya 5: Mchoro asymptotes-mistari kupitia diagonals ya mstatili. |
Asymptotes zina equations\(y=\frac{5}{2} x, y=-\frac{5}{2} x\). | |
Hatua ya 6: Chora matawi mawili ya hyperbola. | Anza kila vertex na utumie asymptotes kama mwongozo. |
Grafu\(\frac{x^{2}}{16}-\frac{y^{2}}{4}=1\).
- Jibu
Grafu\(\frac{x^{2}}{9}-\frac{y^{2}}{16}=1\).
- Jibu
Sisi muhtasari hatua za kumbukumbu.
Graph Hyperbola unaozingatia\((0,0)\)
- Andika equation katika fomu ya kawaida.
- Kuamua kama mhimili wa transverse ni usawa au wima.
- Pata vipeo.
- Mchoro mstatili unaozingatia katika asili intersecting mhimili mmoja katika\(±a\) na nyingine katika\(±b\).
- Mchoro asymptotes - mistari kwa njia ya diagonals ya mstatili.
- Chora matawi mawili ya hyperbola.
Wakati mwingine equation kwa hyperbola inahitaji kuwekwa kwanza katika fomu ya kawaida kabla ya kuiweka.
Grafu\(4 y^{2}-16 x^{2}=64\).
Suluhisho:
\(4 y^{2}-16 x^{2}=64\) | |
Kuandika equation katika hali ya kawaida, kugawanya kila neno na\(64\) kufanya equation sawa na\(1\). | \(\frac{4 y^{2}}{64}-\frac{16 x^{2}}{64}=\frac{64}{64}\) |
Kurahisisha. | \(\frac{y^{2}}{16}-\frac{x^{2}}{4}=1\) |
Kwa kuwa\(y^{2}\) -mrefu ni chanya, mhimili wa transverse ni wima. \(a^{2}=16\)Tangu wakati huo\(a=\pm 4\). | |
Vipande ni juu ya\(y\) -axis,\((0,-a),(0, a)\). \(b^{2}=4\)Tangu wakati huo\(b=\pm 2\). | \((0,-4),(0,4)\) |
Mchoro mstatili unaoingiliana na\(x\) -axis\((-2,0),(2,0)\) na\(y\) -axis kwenye vipeo. Mchoro asymptotes kupitia diagonals ya mstatili. Chora matawi mawili ya hyperbola. |
Grafu\(4 y^{2}-25 x^{2}=100\).
- Jibu
Grafu\(25 y^{2}-9 x^{2}=225\).
- Jibu
Grafu Hyperbola na Kituo cha\((h,k)\)
Hyperbolas sio daima katikati ya asili. Wakati hyperbola ni katikati\((h,k)\) katika equations mabadiliko kidogo kama yalijitokeza katika meza.
Aina ya kawaida ya Equation Hyperbola na Kituo\((h,k)\)
\(\frac{(x-h)^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{(y-k)^{2}}{b^{2}}=1\) | \(\frac{(y-k)^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{(x-h)^{2}}{b^{2}}=1\) | |
---|---|---|
Mwelekeo | \ (\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Mhimili unaozunguka ni usawa. Inafungua kushoto na kulia | \ (\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Mhimili unaozunguka ni wima. Inafungua juu na chini |
Kituo | \ (\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((h,k)\) | \ (\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((h,k)\) |
Vipeo | \ (\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\(a\) vitengo upande wa kushoto na kulia wa kituo | \ (\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\(a\) vitengo hapo juu na chini ya kituo |
Mstatili | \ (\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Tumia\(a\) vitengo kushoto/kulia ya\(b\) vitengo vya kituo cha juu/chini ya katikati | \ (\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Tumia\(a\) vitengo juu/chini ya\(b\) vitengo vya kituo cha kushoto/kulia katikati |
Grafu\(\frac{(x-1)^{2}}{9}-\frac{(y-2)^{2}}{16}=1\)
Suluhisho:
Hatua ya 1: Andika equation katika fomu ya kawaida. | Equation iko katika fomu ya kawaida. | \(\frac{(x-1)^{2}}{9}-\frac{(y-2)^{2}}{16}=1\) |
Hatua ya 2: Kuamua kama mhimili wa transverse ni usawa au wima. | Kwa kuwa\(x^{2}\) neno ni chanya, hyperbola inafungua kushoto na kulia. | Mhimili wa transverse ni usawa. Hyperbola inafungua kushoto na kulia. |
hatua 3: Kupata kituo na\(a, b\). | \(h=1\)na\(k=2\) \(a^{2}=9\) \(b^{2}=16\) |
\(\begin{array} {c} \frac{\left(\stackrel{\color{red}{x-h}}{\color{black}{x-1}} \right)^{2}}{9} - \frac{\left(\stackrel{\color{red}{y-k}}{\color{black}{y-2}} \right)^{2}}{16} = 1 \end{array}\) Kituo cha:\((1,2)\) \(a=3\) \(b=4\) |
Hatua ya 4: Mchoro mstatili unaozingatia\((h,k)\) kutumia\(a,b\). |
Mark katikati,\((1,2)\). Mchoro mstatili kwamba huenda kwa njia ya\(3\) vitengo pointi kushoto/kulia wa kituo na\(4\) vitengo juu na chini ya kituo cha. |
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Hatua ya 5: Mchoro asymptotes-mistari kupitia diagonals ya mstatili. Andika alama alama. | Chora diagonals. Weka alama, ambazo ziko kwenye\(3\) vitengo vya mstatili upande wa kushoto na wa kulia wa katikati. | |
Hatua ya 6: Chora matawi mawili ya hyperbola. | Anza kila vertex na utumie asymptotes kama mwongozo. |
Grafu\(\frac{(x-3)^{2}}{25}-\frac{(y-1)^{2}}{9}=1\).
- Jibu
Grafu\(\frac{(x-2)^{2}}{4}-\frac{(y-2)^{2}}{9}=1\).
- Jibu
Sisi muhtasari hatua kwa ajili ya kumbukumbu rahisi.
Graph Hyperbola unaozingatia\((h,k)\)
- Andika equation katika fomu ya kawaida.
- Kuamua kama mhimili wa transverse ni usawa au wima.
- Kupata kituo na\(a,b\).
- Mchoro mstatili unaozingatia\((h,k)\) kutumia\(a,b\).
- Mchoro asymptotes - mistari kwa njia ya diagonals ya mstatili. Andika alama alama.
- Chora matawi mawili ya hyperbola.
Kuwa makini kama wewe kutambua kituo cha. kiwango equation ina\(x−h\)\(y−k\) na kwa kituo kama\((h,k)\).
Grafu\(\frac{(y+2)^{2}}{9}-\frac{(x+1)^{2}}{4}=1\).
Suluhisho:
Kwa kuwa\(y^{2}\) neno ni chanya, hyperbola inafungua na chini. | |
Kupata kituo cha,\((h,k)\). | Kituo cha:\((-1,-2)\) |
Kupata\(a,b\). | \(a=3 b=2\) |
Mchoro mstatili kwamba huenda kwa njia ya\(3\) vitengo pointi juu na chini ya kituo na \(2\) vitengo kushoto/kulia wa kituo cha. Mchoro asymptotes - mistari kwa njia ya diagonals ya mstatili. Mark alama. Grafu matawi. |
Grafu\(\frac{(y+3)^{2}}{16}-\frac{(x+2)^{2}}{9}=1\).
- Jibu
Grafu\(\frac{(y+2)^{2}}{9}-\frac{(x+2)^{2}}{9}=1\).
- Jibu
Tena, wakati mwingine tuna kuweka equation katika hali ya kawaida kama hatua yetu ya kwanza.
Andika equation katika fomu ya kawaida na grafu\(4 x^{2}-9 y^{2}-24 x-36 y-36=0\).
Suluhisho:
Ili kufikia fomu ya kawaida, jaza mraba. | |
Gawanya kila neno na\(36\) kupata mara kwa mara kuwa\(1\). | |
Kwa kuwa\(x^{2}\) neno ni chanya, hyperbola inafungua kushoto na kulia. | |
Kupata kituo cha,\((h,k)\). | Kituo cha:\((3, -2)\) |
Kupata\(a,b\). |
\(a=3\) \(b=4\) |
Mchoro mstatili kwamba huenda kwa njia ya\(3\) vitengo pointi kushoto/kulia wa kituo na\(2\) vitengo juu na chini ya kituo cha. Mchoro asymptotes - mistari kwa njia ya diagonals ya mstatili. Mark alama. Grafu matawi. |
- Andika equation katika fomu ya kawaida na
- Grafu\(9 x^{2}-16 y^{2}+18 x+64 y-199=0\).
- Jibu
-
- \(\frac{(x+1)^{2}}{16}-\frac{(y-2)^{2}}{9}=1\)
- Andika equation katika fomu ya kawaida na
- Grafu\(16 x^{2}-25 y^{2}+96 x-50 y-281=0\).
- Jibu
-
- \(\frac{(x+3)^{2}}{25}-\frac{(y+1)^{2}}{16}=1\)
Tambua Sehemu za Conic na Ulinganisho wao
Sasa kwa kuwa tumekamilisha utafiti wetu wa sehemu za conic, tutaangalia equations tofauti na kutambua baadhi ya njia za kutambua conic kwa equation yake. Wakati sisi ni kupewa equation kwa grafu, ni muhimu kutambua conic hivyo tunajua nini hatua ya pili ya kuchukua.
Ili kutambua conic kutoka equation yake, ni rahisi kama sisi kuweka maneno variable upande mmoja wa equation na constants kwa upande mwingine.
Conic | Tabia ya\(x^{2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno | Mfano |
---|---|---|
Parabola | \ (x^ {2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno">Aidha\(x^{2}\) AU\(y^{2}\). Variable moja tu ni mraba. | \(x=3 y^{2}-2 y+1\) |
Circle | \ (x^ {2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno">\(x^{2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) - maneno yana coefficients sawa. | \(x^{2}+y^{2}=49\) |
duaradufu | \ (x^ {2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno">\(x^{2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) - maneno yana ishara sawa, coefficients tofauti. | \(4 x^{2}+25 y^{2}=100\) |
Hyperbola | \ (x^ {2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno">\(x^{2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) - maneno yana ishara tofauti, coefficients tofauti. | \(25 y^{2}-4 x^{2}=100\) |
Tambua grafu ya kila equation kama mduara, parabola, ellipse, au hyperbola.
- \(9 x^{2}+4 y^{2}+56 y+160=0\)
- \(9 x^{2}-16 y^{2}+18 x+64 y-199=0\)
- \(x^{2}+y^{2}-6 x-8 y=0\)
- \(y=-2 x^{2}-4 x-5\)
Suluhisho:
a.\(x^{2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno na ishara sawa na coefficients mbalimbali.
\(9 x^{2}+4 y^{2}+56 y+160=0\)
duaradufu
b.\(x^{2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno na ishara tofauti na coefficients tofauti.
\(9 x^{2}-16 y^{2}+18 x+64 y-199=0\)
Hyperbola
c.\(x^{2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -suala na coefficients sawa.
\(x^{2}+y^{2}-6 x-8 y=0\)
Circle
d. variable moja tu\(x\),, ni mraba.
\(y=-2 x^{2}-4 x-5\)
Parabola
Tambua grafu ya kila equation kama mduara, parabola, ellipse, au hyperbola.
- \(x^{2}+y^{2}-8 x-6 y=0\)
- \(4 x^{2}+25 y^{2}=100\)
- \(y=6 x^{2}+2 x-1\)
- \(16 y^{2}-9 x^{2}=144\)
- Jibu
-
- Circle
- duaradufu
- Parabola
- Hyperbola
Tambua grafu ya kila equation kama mduara, parabola, ellipse, au hyperbola.
- \(16 x^{2}+9 y^{2}=144\)
- \(y=2 x^{2}+4 x+6\)
- \(x^{2}+y^{2}+2 x+6 y+9=0\)
- \(4 x^{2}-16 y^{2}=64\)
- Jibu
-
- duaradufu
- Parabola
- Circle
- Hyperbola
Fikia rasilimali hizi za mtandaoni kwa maelekezo ya ziada na ufanyie mazoezi na hyperbolas.
- Grafu Hyperbola na Kituo cha Mwanzo
- Grafu Hyperbola na Kituo si katika Mwanzo
- Grafu Hyperbola katika Fomu ya jumla
- Kutambua Sehemu za Conic katika Fomu ya jumla
Dhana muhimu
- Hyperbola: hyperbola ni pointi zote katika ndege ambapo tofauti ya umbali wao kutoka pointi mbili fasta ni mara kwa mara.
- Kila moja ya pointi fasta inaitwa lengo la hyperbola.
Mstari kupitia foci, huitwa mhimili wa transverse.
Vipengele viwili ambapo mhimili unaozunguka huingilia hyperbola ni kila vertex ya hyperbola.
Midpoint ya sehemu ya kujiunga na foci inaitwa katikati ya hyperbola.
Mstari unaozingatia mhimili unaozunguka unaopita katikati huitwa mhimili wa conjugate.
Kila kipande cha grafu kinaitwa tawi la hyperbola.
Kielelezo 11.4.2
Aina ya kawaida ya Equation Hyperbola na Kituo\((0,0)\)
\(\frac{x^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{y^{2}}{b^{2}}=1\) | \(\frac{y^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{x^{2}}{b^{2}}=1\) | |
---|---|---|
Mwelekeo | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Mhimili unaozunguka kwenye\(x\) -mhimili. Inafungua kushoto na kulia |
\ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b^ {2}} =1\) ">Mhimili unaozunguka kwenye\(y\) -mhimili. Inafungua juu na chini |
Vipeo | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((-a, 0),(a, 0)\) | \ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((0,-a),(0, a)\) |
\(x\)-hukataa | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((-a, 0),(a, 0)\) | \ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">hakuna |
\(y\)-hukataa | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">hakuna | \ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((0,-a),(0, a)\) |
Mstatili | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Matumizi\(( \pm a, 0)(0, \pm b)\) | \ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Matumizi\((0, \pm a)( \pm b, 0)\) |
Asymptotes | \ (\ frac {x^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {y^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\(y=\frac{b}{a} x, y=-\frac{b}{a} x\) | \ (\ frac {y^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {x^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\(y=\frac{a}{b} x, y=-\frac{a}{b} x\) |
- Jinsi ya grafu hyperbola unaozingatia\((0,0)\).
- Andika equation katika fomu ya kawaida.
- Kuamua kama mhimili wa transverse ni usawa au wima.
- Pata vipeo.
- Mchoro mstatili unaozingatia katika asili intersecting mhimili mmoja katika\(±a\) na nyingine katika\(±b\).
- Mchoro asymptotes - mistari kwa njia ya diagonals ya mstatili.
- Chora matawi mawili ya hyperbola.
Aina ya kawaida ya Equation Hyperbola na Kituo\((h,k)\)
\(\frac{(x-h)^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{(y-k)^{2}}{b^{2}}=1\) | \(\frac{(y-k)^{2}}{a^{2}}-\frac{(x-h)^{2}}{b^{2}}=1\) | |
---|---|---|
Mwelekeo | \ (\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Mhimili unaozunguka ni usawa. Inafungua kushoto na kulia | \ (\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Mhimili unaozunguka ni wima. Inafungua juu na chini |
Kituo | \ (\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((h,k)\) | \ (\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\((h,k)\) |
Vipeo | \ (\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\(a\) vitengo upande wa kushoto na kulia wa kituo | \ (\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">\(a\) vitengo hapo juu na chini ya kituo |
Mstatili | \ (\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Tumia\(a\) vitengo kushoto/kulia ya\(b\) vitengo vya kituo cha juu/chini ya katikati | \ (\ frac {(y-k) ^ {2}} {a^ {2}} -\ frac {(x-h) ^ {2}} {b ^ {2}} =1\) ">Tumia\(a\) vitengo juu/chini ya\(b\) vitengo vya kituo cha kushoto/kulia katikati |
- Jinsi ya grafu hyperbola unaozingatia\((h,k)\).
- Andika equation katika fomu ya kawaida.
- Kuamua kama mhimili wa transverse ni usawa au wima.
- Kupata kituo na\(a,b\).
- Mchoro mstatili unaozingatia\((h,k)\) kutumia\(a,b\).
- Mchoro asymptotes - mistari kwa njia ya diagonals ya mstatili. Andika alama alama.
- Chora matawi mawili ya hyperbola.
Conic | Tabia ya\(x^{2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno | Mfano |
---|---|---|
Parabola | \ (x^ {2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno">Aidha\(x^{2}\) AU\(y^{2}\). Variable moja tu ni mraba. | \(x=3 y^{2}-2 y+1\) |
Circle | \ (x^ {2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno">\(x^{2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) - maneno yana coefficients sawa. | \(x^{2}+y^{2}=49\) |
duaradufu | \ (x^ {2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno">\(x^{2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) - maneno yana ishara sawa, coefficients tofauti. | \(4 x^{2}+25 y^{2}=100\) |
Hyperbola | \ (x^ {2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) -maneno">\(x^{2}\) - na\(y^{2}\) - maneno yana ishara tofauti, coefficients tofauti. | \(25 y^{2}-4 x^{2}=100\) |
faharasa
- hyperbola
- Hyperbola inafafanuliwa kama pointi zote katika ndege ambapo tofauti ya umbali wao kutoka pointi mbili fasta ni mara kwa mara.