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8.1: Utangulizi wa Mizizi na Radicals

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    176246

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    Fikiria malipo ya simu yako ya mkononi ni chini ya sekunde tano. Fikiria kusafisha taka za mionzi kutoka kwa maji yaliyotokana na maji. Fikiria juu ya kuchuja chumvi kutoka maji ya bahari ili ugavi usio na mwisho wa maji ya kunywa. Fikiria wazo la vifaa vya bionic ambavyo vinaweza kutengeneza majeraha ya mgongo. Hizi ni chache tu ya matumizi mengi iwezekanavyo ya nyenzo aitwaye graphene. Vifaa wanasayansi wanaendeleza nyenzo zilizojengwa na safu moja ya atomi za kaboni ambazo zina nguvu zaidi kuliko nyenzo nyingine yoyote, rahisi kabisa, na hufanya umeme bora kuliko metali nyingi. Utafiti katika aina hii ya nyenzo inahitaji background imara katika hisabati, ikiwa ni pamoja na kuelewa mizizi na radicals. Katika sura hii, utajifunza kurahisisha maneno yaliyo na mizizi na radicals, kufanya shughuli juu ya maneno makubwa na equations, na kutathmini kazi kubwa.

    Mfano wa muundo wa fuwele wa graphene.
    Kielelezo\(\PageIndex{1}\): Graphene ni nyenzo ya ajabu yenye nguvu na yenye kubadilika iliyotokana na kaboni. Inaweza pia kufanya umeme. Angalia muundo wa gridi ya hexagonal. (mikopo: “AlexanderAius”/Wikimedia Commons)