12.10: Mlinganyo muhimu

Last updated
Save as PDF

Page ID: 188666

\( \newcommand{\vecs}[1]{\overset { \scriptstyle \rightharpoonup} {\mathbf{#1}} } \) \( \newcommand{\vecd}[1]{\overset{-\!-\!\rightharpoonup}{\vphantom{a}\smash {#1}}} \)\(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \(\newcommand{\id}{\mathrm{id}}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\) \( \newcommand{\kernel}{\mathrm{null}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\range}{\mathrm{range}\,}\) \( \newcommand{\RealPart}{\mathrm{Re}}\) \( \newcommand{\ImaginaryPart}{\mathrm{Im}}\) \( \newcommand{\Argument}{\mathrm{Arg}}\) \( \newcommand{\norm}[1]{\| #1 \|}\) \( \newcommand{\inner}[2]{\langle #1, #2 \rangle}\) \( \newcommand{\Span}{\mathrm{span}}\)\(\newcommand{\AA}{\unicode[.8,0]{x212B}}\)

viwango vya majibu ya jamaa a A ⟶ b B = - \frac{1}{a} \frac{Δ [A]}{Δ t} = \frac{1}{b} \frac{Δ [B]}{Δ t}

jumuishi kiwango cha sheria kwa athari sifuri-ili:

[A]_{t} = - k t + {[A]}_{0},

nusu ya maisha kwa mmenyuko wa sifuri

t_{1 / 2} = \frac{{[A]}_{0}}{2 k}

jumuishi kiwango cha sheria kwa ajili ya athari ya kwanza ili:

juu ya [A]_{t} = - k t + juu ya {[A]}_{0},

nusu ya maisha kwa mmenyuko wa kwanza

t_{1 / 2} = \frac{0.693}{k}

jumuishi kiwango cha sheria kwa ajili ya athari ya pili ili:

\frac{1}{[A]_{t}} = k t + \frac{1}{{[A]}_{0}},

nusu ya maisha kwa mmenyuko wa pili

t_{1 / 2} = \frac{1}{{[A]}_{0} k}

k = A e^{- E_{a} / R T}

juu ya k = (\frac{- E_{a}}{R}) (\frac{1}{T}) + juu ya A

juu ya \frac{k_{1}}{k_{2}} = \frac{E_{a}}{R} (\frac{1}{T_{2}} - \frac{1}{T_{1}})