Phụ lục E: Tính chất của nước
- Page ID
- 217729
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)| Nhiệt độ | Mật độ (g/mL) |
|---|---|
| 0 | 0.9998395 |
| 4 | 0,9999720 (mật độ tối đa) |
| 10 | 0.9997026 |
| 15 | 0.9991026 |
| 20 | 0.9982071 |
| 22 | 0.9977735 |
| 25 | 0.9970479 |
| 30 | 0.9956502 |
| 40 | 0.9922 |
| 60 | 0.9832 |
| 80 | 0.9718 |
| 100 | 0.9584 |
| Nhiệt độ | Áp suất hơi (torr) | Áp suất hơi (Pa) |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | 4.6 | 613.2812 |
| 4 | 6.1 | 813.2642 |
| 10 | 9.2 | 1226.562 |
| 15 | 12.8 | 1706.522 |
| 20 | 17.5 | 2333.135 |
| 22 | 19.8 | 2639.776 |
| 25 | 23.8 | 3173.064 |
| 30 | 31.8 | 4239.64 |
| 35 | 42.2 | 5626.188 |
| 40 | 55.3 | 7372.707 |
| 45 | 71.9 | 9585.852 |
| 50 | 92.5 | 12332.29 |
| 55 | 118.0 | 15732 |
| 60 | 149.4 | 19918.31 |
| 65 | 187.5 | 24997.88 |
| 70 | 233.7 | 31157.35 |
| 75 | 289.1 | 38543.39 |
| 80 | 355.1 | 47342.64 |
| 85 | 433.6 | 57808.42 |
| 90 | 525.8 | 70100.71 |
| 95 | 633.9 | 84512.82 |
| 100 | 760.0 | 101324.7 |
| Nhiệt độ | K w 10 —14 | pK trong 1 |
|---|---|---|
| 0 | 0.112 | 14.95 |
| 5 | 0.182 | 14.74 |
| 10 | 0.288 | 14.54 |
| 15 | 0.465 | 14.33 |
| 20 | 0.671 | 14.17 |
| 25 | 0.991 | 14.00 |
| 30 | 1.432 | 13.84 |
| 35 | 2.042 | 13.69 |
| 40 | 2.851 | 13.55 |
| 45 | 3.917 | 13.41 |
| 50 | 5.297 | 13.28 |
| 55 | 7.080 | 13.15 |
| 60 | 9.311 | 13.03 |
| 75 | 19.95 | 12.70 |
| 100 | 56.23 | 12.25 |
| C° (H 2 O (l)) = 4.184 J∙ g -1 ∙° C -1 |
| C° (H 2 O (s)) = 1.864 J ∙ K −1 ∙g −1 |
| C° (H 2 O (g)) = 2,093 J ∙ K −1 ∙ g −1 |
| Nhiệt độ (K) | Δ H (kJ/mol) | |
|---|---|---|
| tan chảy | 273.15 | 6.088 |
| sôi | 373.15 | 40,656 (44,016 tại 298 K) |
| K f = 1,86° C ∙kg∙ mol −1 (hằng số đông lạnh) |
| K b = 0,51° C ∙ kg∙ mol −1 (hằng số ebullioscopic) |
Chú thích cuối trang
- 1 pK w = —log 10 (K w)