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11.12: Marejeo

  • Page ID
    177824
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    1. Kuna wajumbe sita wasio na kupiga kura wanaowakilisha Samoa ya Marekani, Wilaya ya Columbia, Guam, Visiwa vya Mariana Kaskazini, Puerto Rico, na Visiwa vya Virgin vya Marekani. Wakati wajumbe hawa hawawezi kupiga kura juu ya sheria, wanaweza kuiingiza na wanaweza kupiga kura katika kamati za congressional na juu ya masuala ya kiutaratibu.
    2. Steven Hill, “Jinsi Sheria ya Haki za Kupiga kura Huumiza Democrats na Minorities,” The Atlantic, 17 Juni 2013 http://www.theatlantic.com/politics/...rities/276893/
    3. Lainie Rutkow na Jon S. Vernick. 2011. “Kifungu cha Biashara cha Katiba ya Marekani, Mahakama Kuu, na Afya ya Umma,” Ripoti ya Afya ya Umma 126, No. 5 (Septemba-Oktoba): 750—753.
    4. Marekani v. Lopez, 514 Marekani 549 (1995).
    5. Shirikisho la Taifa la Biashara Independent v. Sebelius, 567 Marekani 519 (2012).
    6. Marbury v. Madison, 5 Marekani 137 (1803).
    7. “Abraham Lincoln: Impact and Legacy,” http://millercenter.org /raisid/wasifu/Lincoln-athari-na-urithi (Mei 24, 2016).
    8. David M. Jordan. 2011. FDR, Dewey, na Uchaguzi wa 1944. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 290; Paul G. Willis na George L. “Siasa ya Marekebisho ya Ishirini na Pili,” Jumatatu ya Kisiasa ya Magharibi 5, No. 3:469—82; Paul B. Davis 1979. “Matokeo na Athari za Kupitishwa kwa Marekebisho ya Ishirini na Pili,” Mafunzo ya Rais Robo 9, No. 3:289—303.
    9. Glen S. Krutz na Jeffrey S. Peake, 2009, Mkataba Siasa na Kupanda kwa Mikataba Mtendaji: Ahadi za Kimataifa katika Mfumo wa Mamlaka ya Pamoja, Ann Arbor: Chuo Kikuu cha Michigan Press.
    10. U.S Term Limits, Inc v. Thornton, 514 Marekani 779 (1995).
    11. http://dailysignal.com/2015/11/11/12... -kuwa sheria/ (Mei 15, 2016).
    12. “Mwelekeo wa Uchaguzi,” OpenSecrets, https://www.opensecrets.org/election...lection-trends (Juni 2021).
    13. http://www.opensecrets.org/overview/wherefrom.php (Mei 15, 2016).
    14. “Sheria ya Mageuzi ya Kampeni ya Bipartisan ya 2002,” http://www.fec.gov/pages/bcra/bcra_update.shtml (Mei 15, 2016); Greg Scott na Gary Mullen, “Ripoti ya Mwaka thelathini,” Septemba 2005, http://www.fec.gov/info/publications/30year.pdf (Mei 15, 2016).
    15. Wananchi United v. Shirikisho Tume ya Uchaguzi, 558 Marekani 310 (2010).
    16. “2012 Nje ya Matumizi, na Super PAC,” https://www.opensecrets.org/outsides... &chrt=v&type=s (1 Juni 2021).
    17. “Mipaka ya Mchango wa Uchaguzi wa Shirikisho la 2015-2016,” http://www.fec.gov/info/contriblimitschart1516.pdf (Mei 15, 2016).
    18. “Faida inayohusika,” http://www.opensecrets.org/elections...le=2020&type=A (Juni 1, 2021).
    19. Larry J. Sabato, Kyle Kondik, na Geoffrey Skelley, “Long Odds for Wengi Seneti Changamoto za Msingi,” 30 Januari 2014, http://www.centerforpolitics.org/cry...ry-challenges/ (Mei 1, 2016).
    20. David R. Mayhew. 1974. Congress: Uchaguzi Connection. New Haven, CT: Chuo Kikuu cha Yale Press.
    21. Eric Petersen, “Kazi ya kesi katika ofisi ya Congressional: Background, Kanuni, Sheria, na Rasilimali,” 24 Novemba 2014, https://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL33209.pdf (Mei 1, 2016).
    22. Angus Campbell. 1960. “Kuongezeka na Kupungua: Utafiti wa Mabadiliko ya Uchaguzi.” Maoni ya Umma Robo 24, No. 3:397—418.
    23. “Uchaguzi wa katikati ya congressional ulielezea: Kwa nini chama cha rais kinapoteza,” 1 Oktoba 2014, http://journalistsresource.org/studi...ypically-loses (Mei 1, 2016).
    24. “Profaili ya Jeshi la Kisasa,” 5 Oktoba 2011, http://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2011/...dern-military/ (Mei 1, 2016).
    25. Dhrumil Mehta na Harry Enten, “Uchaguzi wa Seneti wa 2014 Walikuwa Wengi kutaifishwa Katika Miongo,” 2 Desemba 2014, http://fivethirtyeight.com/datalab/t...ed-in-decades/ (Mei 1, 2016); Gregory Giroux, “Upigaji kura wa tiketi ya moja kwa moja Kuongezeka Kama Vyama Vyama vinavyolenga,” Bloomberg, 29 Novemba 2014, http://www.bloomberg.com/politics/ar...rties-polarize (Mei 1, 2016).
    26. Steven S. Smith. 1999. Congress ya Marekani. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
    27. Edmund Burke, “Hotuba kwa Wachaguzi wa Bristol,” 3 Novemba 1774, http://press-pubs.uchicago.edu/found... /v1ch13s7.html (Mei 1, 2016).
    28. Orodha ya EMILY, “Historia yetu,” https://www.emilyslist.org/pages/entry/our-history (1 Juni 2021)
    29. Michele L. Swers, “Wanawake Zaidi Republican kuliko kabla ya kutumikia Congress hii. Hapa ni kwa nini.” Washington Post, 5 Januari 2021.
    30. Jennifer E. Manning, Agosti 5, 2021. “Uanachama wa Congress 117: Profile.” Congressional Utafiti wa (https://crsreports.congress.gov/product/pdf/R/R46705)
    31. “Taarifa ya John McCain juu ya Kupiga marufuku Earmarks,” 13 Machi 2008, http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=90739 (15 Mei 2016); “Press Release - Mpango wa Uchumi wa John McCain,” 15 Aprili 2008, http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=94082 (Mei 15, 2016).
    32. Kathleen Parker, “Mikataba ya Mageuzi ya Afya ya Mageuzi ya Sickeningly Sweet,” The Washington Post, 10 Machi 2010, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn...030903068.html (Mei 1, 2016); Dana Milbank, “Sweeteners for the South,” Washington Post, 22 Novemba 2009, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn...112102272.html (Mei 1, 2016); Jeffry H. Anderson, “Mgombea wa Dark-Farasi wa Nebraska na Cornhusker Kickback,” The Weekly Standard, 4 Mei 2014.
    33. Phil Hirschkorn na Wyatt Andrews, “Moja ya Tano ya House Freshmen Kulala katika Ofisi, "CBS News, 22 Januari 2011, http://www.cbsnews.com/news/one-fift...ep-in-offices/ (Mei 1, 2016).
    34. “Congress na Umma,” http://www.gallup.com/poll/1600/congress-public.aspx (Mei 15, 2016).
    35. “Congress na Umma,” http://www.gallup.com/poll/1600/congress-public.aspx (Mei 15, 2016).
    36. Amy Davidson, “The Hillary Hearing,” The New Yorker, 2 Novemba 2015; David A. Graham, “Nini Kihafidhina Media Sema Kuhusu Benghazi Hearing,” The Atlantic, 23 Oktoba 2015.
    37. Arlette Saenz, “Ted Cruz ya Obamacare All-Nighter Mwisho Baada ya 21 masaa,” ABC News, 25 Septemba 2013, https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/ted-...ry? id=20365712.
    38. Glen S. Krutz 2001. Hitching Ride: Omnibus Mbunge katika Congress ya Marekani. Columbus, OH: Ohio State University Press.