20: Kemia nyuklia
- Page ID
- 182557
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Athari za kemikali ambazo tumezingatia katika sura zilizopita zinahusisha mabadiliko katika muundo wa kielektroniki wa spishi zinazohusika, yaani mpangilio wa elektroni karibu na atomi, ioni, au molekuli. Muundo wa nyuklia, idadi ya protoni na nyutroni ndani ya viini vya atomi zinazohusika, bado hazibadilika wakati wa athari za kemikali. Sura hii itaanzisha mada ya kemia ya nyuklia, ambayo ilianza na ugunduzi wa mionzi mwaka 1896 na mwanafizikia wa Kifaransa Antoine Becquerel na imezidi kuwa muhimu wakati wa karne ya ishirini na ishirini na moja, kutoa msingi wa teknolojia mbalimbali zinazohusiana na nishati, dawa, jiolojia, na maeneo mengine mengi.