22.14.3: Sura ya 3

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(a) 12.01 amu; (b) 12.01 amu; (c) 144.12 amu; (d) 60.05 amu

(a) 123.896 amu; (b) 18.015 amu; (c) 164.086 amu; (d) 60.052 amu; (e) 342.297 amu

(a) 56.107 amu; (b) 54.091 amu; (c) 199.9976 amu; (d) 97.9950 amu

Tumia formula ya Masi ili kupata molekuli ya molar; ili kupata idadi ya moles, ugawanye wingi wa kiwanja na molekuli ya molar ya kiwanja kilichoonyeshwa kwa gramu.

Asidi ya fomu. Fomu yake ina atomi mara mbili za oksijeni nyingi kama misombo nyingine mbili (moja kila mmoja). Kwa hiyo, 0.60 mol ya asidi ya fomu itakuwa sawa na 1.20 mol ya kiwanja kilicho na atomi moja ya oksijeni.

11.

Rasi mbili zina thamani sawa ya namba, lakini vitengo ni tofauti: Masi ya molekuli ni masi ya molekuli 1 ilhali molekuli ya molar ni masi ya 6.022 $\times$ 10 ²³ molekuli.

13.

(a) 256.48 g/mol; (b) 72.150 g mol ^-1; (c) 378.103 g ^{mol -1}; (d) 58.080 g mol ^-1; (e) 180.158 g ^{mol -1}

15.

(a) 197.382 g mol ^-1; (b) 257.163 g mol ^-1; (c) 194.193 g mol ^-1; (d) 60.056 g mol ^-1; (e) 306.464 g ^{mol -1}

17.

(a) 0.819 g; (b) 307 g; (c) 0.23 g; (d) 1.235 $\times$ 10 ⁶ g (1235 kg); (e) 765 g

19.

(a) 99.41 g; (b) 2.27 g; (c) 3.5 g; (d) 222 kg; (e) 160.1 g

21.

(a) 9.60 g; (b) 19.2 g; (c) 28.8 g

23.

zirconium: 2.038 $\times$ 10 atomi ²³; 30.87 g; silicon: 2.038 $\times$ 10 atomi ²³; 9.504 g; oksijeni: 8.151 $\times$ 10 atomi ²³; 21.66 g

25.

AlPo ₄: 1.000 mol, au 26.98 g Al; Al ₂ Cl ₆: 1.994 mol, au 53.74 g Al; Al ₂ S ₃: 3.00 mol, au 80.94 g Al; Sampuli ya Al ₂ S ₃ hivyo ina molekuli kubwa ya Al.

27.

3.113 $\times$ 10 ²⁵ C atomi

29.

0.865 servings, au kuhusu 1 kuwahudumia.

31.

20.0 g H ₂ O inawakilisha idadi ndogo ya molekuli kwani ina idadi ndogo ya moles.

33.

(a)% N = 82.24%,% H = 17.76%; (b)% Na = 29.08%,% S = 40.56%,% O = 30.36%; (c)% Ca ²⁺ = 38.76%

35.

% NH ₃ = 38.2%

37.

(a) CS ₂; (b) CH ₂ O

39.

C ₆ H ₆

41.

Mg ₃ Si ₂ H ₃ O ₈ (formula empirical), Mg ₆ Si ₄ H ₆ O ₁₆ (molekuli formula)

43.

C ₁₅ H ₁₅ N ₃

45.

Tunahitaji kujua idadi ya moles ya asidi sulfuriki kufutwa katika suluhisho na kiasi cha suluhisho.

47.

(a) 0.679 M; (b) 1.00 M; (c) 0.06998 M; (d) 1.75 M; (e) 0.070 M; (f) 6.6 M

49.

(a) kuamua idadi ya moles ya glucose katika 0.500 L ya suluhisho; kuamua molekuli molar ya glucose; kuamua wingi wa glucose kutoka kwa idadi ya moles na molekuli yake ya molar; (b) 27 g

51.

(a) 37.0 mol H ₂ SO ₄, 3.63 $\times$ 10 ³ g H ₂ SO ₄; (b) 3.8 $\times$ ^{10-7 ml} NaCn, 19. $\times$ 10 ^-5 g NaCn; (c) 73.2 ml H ₂ CO, 2.20 kg H ₂ CO; (d) 5.9 $\times$ 10 ^-7 mol FeSO ₄, 8.9 $\times$ 10 ^-5 g FeSO ₄

53.

(a) Kuamua molekuli ya molar ya KMNo ₄; kuamua idadi ya moles ya KMNo ₄ katika suluhisho; kutoka kwa idadi ya moles na kiasi cha suluhisho, kuamua molarity; (b) 1.15 $\times$ 10 ^1-3 M

55.

(a) 5.04 $\times$ 10 ^-3 M; (b) 0.499 M; (c) 9.92 M; (d) 1.1 $\times$ 10 ^1-3 M

57.

0.025 M

59.

0.5000 L

61.

1.9 ml

63.

(a) 0.125 M; (b) 0.04888 M; (c) 0.206 M; (d) 0.0056 M

65.

11.9 M

67.

1.6 L

69.

(a) Equation dilution inaweza kutumika, ipasavyo iliyopita kwa ajili ya malazi wingi makao vitengo ukolezi: $% {misa}_{1} \times {misa}_{1} = % {misa}_{2} \times {misa}_{2}$ . Equation hii inaweza kupangwa upya ili kutenganisha molekuli ₁ na kiasi fulani kubadilishwa katika equation hii. (b) 58.8 g

71.

114 g

73.

1.75 $\times$ 10 ^1-3 M

75.

95 mg/DL

77.

2.38 $\times$ 10 ^-4 mol

79.

0.29 ml