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22.12: Kiwango cha Electrode (Nusu-Kiini) Uwezekano

22.12: Kiwango cha Electrode (Nusu-Kiini) Uwezekano

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Kiwango cha Electrode (Nusu-Kiini) Uwezekano

Nusu-mmenyuko	E° (V)
${Ag}^{+} + e^{-} ⟶ Ag$	+0.7996
$AgCl + e^{-} ⟶ Ag + {Cl}^{-}$	+0.22233
${[Ag {(CN)}_{2}]}^{-} + e^{-} ⟶ Ag + 2 {CN}^{-}$	-0.31
${Ag}_{2} {CRO}_{4} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ 2 Ag + {CRO}_{4}^{2}$	+0.45
${[Ag {({NH}_{3})}_{2}]}^{+} + e^{-} ⟶ Ag + 2 {NH}_{3}$	+0.373
${[Ag {(S_{2} O_{3})}_{2}]}^{3+} + e^{-} ⟶ Ag + {2S}_{2} O_{3}^{2}$	+0.017
${[{Alf}_{6}]}^{3-} + 3 e^{-} ⟶ Al + 6 F^{-}$	-2.07
${Al}^{3+} + 3 e^{-} ⟶ Al$	-1.662
${Am}^{3+} + 3 e^{-} ⟶ Am$	-2.048
${Au}^{3+} + 3 e^{-} ⟶ Au$	+1.498
${Au}^{+} + e^{-} ⟶ Au$	+1.692
${Ba}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Ba$	-2.912
${Kuwa}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Kuwa$	-1.847
${Br}_{2} (a q) + 2 e^{-} ⟶ 2 {Br}^{-}$	+1.0873
${Ca}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Ca$	-2.868
${Ce}^{3} + 3 e^{-} ⟶ Ce$	-2.483
${Ce}^{4+} + e^{-} ⟶ {Ce}^{3+}$	+1.61
${Cd}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Cd$	-0.4030
${[Cd {(CN)}_{4}]}^{2} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Cd + 4 {CN}^{-}$	-1.09
${[Cd {({NH}_{3})}_{4}]}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Cd + 4 {NH}_{3}$	-0.61
$CD + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Cd + S^{2}$	-1.17
${Cl}_{2} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ 2 {Cl}^{-}$	+1.35827
${ClO}_{4}^{-} + H_{2} O + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {ClO}_{3}^{-} + 2 {OH}^{-}$	+0.36
${ClO}_{3}^{-} + H_{2} O + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {ClO}_{2}^{-} + 2 {OH}^{-}$	+0.33
${ClO}_{2}^{-} + H_{2} O + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {ClO}^{-} + 2 {OH}^{-}$	+0.66
${ClO}^{-} + H_{2} O + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {Cl}^{-} + 2 {OH}^{-}$	+0.89
${ClO}_{4}^{-} + 2 H_{3} O^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {ClO}_{3}^{-} + 3 H_{2} O$	+1.189
${ClO}_{3}^{-} + 3 H_{3} O^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {Chlo}_{2} + 4 H_{2} O$	+1.21
$Chlo + H_{3} O^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {Cl}^{-} + 2 H_{2} O$	+1.482
$Chlo + H_{3} O^{+} + e^{-} ⟶ \frac{1}{2} {Cl}_{2} + 2 H_{2} O$	+1.611
${Chlo}_{2} + 2 H_{3} O^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Chlo + 3 H_{2} O$	+1.628
${mwenzi}^{3+} + e^{-} ⟶ {mwenzi}^{2+} (2 mol // H_{2} {KWA HIVYO}_{4})$	+1.83
${mwenzi}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ mwenzi$	-0.28
${[mwenzi {({NH}_{3})}_{6}]}^{3+} + e^{-} ⟶ {[mwenzi {({NH}_{3})}_{6}]}^{2+}$	+0.1
$mwenzi {(OH)}_{3} + e^{-} ⟶ mwenzi {(OH)}_{2} + {OH}^{-}$	+0.17
${Cr}^{3} + 3 e^{-} ⟶ Cr$	-0.744
${Cr}^{3+} + e^{-} ⟶ {Cr}^{2+}$	-0.407
${Cr}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Cr$	-0.913
${[Cu {(CN)}_{2}]}^{-} + e^{-} ⟶ Cu + 2 {CN}^{-}$	-0.43
${CRO}_{4}^{2} + 4 H_{2} O + 3 e^{-} ⟶ Cr {(OH)}_{3} + 5 {OH}^{-}$	-0.13
${Cr}_{2} O_{7}^{2} + 14 H_{3} O^{+} + 6 e^{-} ⟶ 2 {Cr}^{3+} + 21 H_{2} O$	+1.232
${[Cr {(OH)}_{4}]}^{-} + 3 e^{-} ⟶ Cr + 4 {OH}^{-}$	-1.2
$Cr {(OH)}_{3} + 3 e^{-} ⟶ Cr + 3 {OH}^{-}$	-1.48
${Cu}^{2+} + e^{-} ⟶ {Cu}^{+}$	+0.153
${Cu}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Cu$	+0.34
${Cu}^{+} + e^{-} ⟶ Cu$	+0.521
$F_{2} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ 2 F^{-}$	+2.866
${Fe}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Fe$	-0.447
${Fe}^{3+} + e^{-} ⟶ {Fe}^{2+}$	+0.771
${[Fe {(CN)}_{6}]}^{3-} + e^{-} ⟶ {[Fe {(CN)}_{6}]}^{4-}$	+0.36
$Fe {(OH)}_{2} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Fe + 2 {OH}^{-}$	-0.88
$FeS + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Fe + S^{2}$	-1.01
${Ga}^{3+} + 3 e^{-} ⟶ Ga$	-0.549
${Mungu}^{3+} + 3 e^{-} ⟶ Mungu$	-2.279
$\frac{1}{2} H_{2} + e^{-} ⟶ H^{-}$	-2.23
$2 H_{2} O + 2 e^{-} ⟶ H_{2} + 2 {OH}^{-}$	-0.8277
$H_{2} O_{2} + 2 H_{3} O^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ 4 H_{2} O$	+1.776
$2 H_{3} O^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ H_{2} + 2 H_{2} O$	0.00
${HO}_{2}^{-} + H_{2} O + 2 e^{-} ⟶ 3 {OH}^{-}$	+0.878
${Hf}^{4+} + 4 e^{-} ⟶ Hf$	-1.55
${Hg}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Hg$	+0.851
$2 {Hg}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {Hg}_{2}^{2+}$	+0.92
${Hg}_{2}^{2+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ 2 Hg$	+0.7973
${[{HgBr}_{4}]}^{2} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ Hg + 4 {Br}^{-}$	+0.21
${Hg}_{2} {Cl}_{2} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ 2 Hg + 2 {Cl}^{-}$	+0.26808
${[Hg {(CN)}_{4}]}^{2} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Hg + {4CN}^{-}$	-0.37
${[{Ghi}_{4}]}^{2} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Hg + {4I}^{-}$	-0.04
$HGs + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Hg + S^{2}$	-0.70
$I_{2} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ {2I}^{-}$	+0.5355
${Katika}^{3+} + {3e}^{-} ⟶ Katika$	-0.3382
$K^{+} + e^{-} ⟶ K$	-2.931
${La}^{3+} + {3e}^{-} ⟶ La$	-2.52
${Li}^{+} + e^{-} ⟶ Li$	-3.04
${Lu}^{3+} + {3e}^{-} ⟶ Lu$	-2.28
${Mg}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Mg$	-2.372
${Mn}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Mn$	-1.185
${Hapana}_{2} + {2H}_{2} O + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Mn {(OH)}_{2} + {2OH}^{-}$	-0.05
${Hapana}_{4}^{-} + {2H}_{2} O + {3e}^{-} ⟶ {Hapana}_{2} + {4OH}^{-}$	+0.558
${Hapana}_{2} + 4 H^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {Mn}^{2+} + 2 H_{2} O$	+1.23
${Hapana}_{4}^{-} + 8 H^{+} + 5 e^{-} ⟶ {Mn}^{2+} + 4 H_{2} O$	+1.507
${Na}^{+} + e^{-} ⟶ Na$	-2.71
${Nd}^{3+} + {3e}^{-} ⟶ Nd$	-2.323
${Ni}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Ni$	-0.257
${[Ni {({NH}_{3})}_{6}]}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Ni + {6NH}_{3}$	-0.49
${No}_{2} + 4 H^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {Ni}^{2+} + 2 H_{2} O$	+1.593
${No}_{2} + {2H}_{2} O + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Ni {(OH)}_{2} + {2OH}^{-}$	+0.49
$NIS + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Ni + S^{2}$	+0.76
${HAPANA}_{3}^{-} + 4 H^{+} + 3 e^{-} ⟶ HAPANA + 2 H_{2} O$	+0.957
${HAPANA}_{3}^{-} + 3 H^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {HAPANA}_{2} + H_{2} O$	+0.92
${HAPANA}_{3}^{-} + H_{2} O + {2e}^{-} ⟶ {HAPANA}_{2}^{-} + {2OH}^{-}$	+0.10
${Hapana}^{3+} + {3e}^{-} ⟶ Hapana$	-1.856
$O_{2} + {2H}_{2} O + {4e}^{-} ⟶ {4OH}^{-}$	+0.401
$O_{2} + 2 H^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ H_{2} O_{2}$	+0.695
$O_{2} + 4 H^{+} + 4 e^{-} ⟶ 2 H_{2} O$	+1.229
${Pb}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Pb$	-0.1262
${PBo}_{2} + {KWA HIVYO}_{4}^{2} + 4 H^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ {PBSO}_{4} + 2 H_{2} O$	+1.69
$PBs + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Pb + S^{2}$	-0.95
${PBSO}_{4} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Pb + {KWA HIVYO}_{4}^{2}$	-0.3505
${Pd}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Pd$	+0.987
${[{PdCl}_{4}]}^{2} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Pd + {4Cl}^{-}$	+0.591
${Pt}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Pt$	+1.20
${[{PTBR}_{4}]}^{2} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Pt + {4Br}^{-}$	+0.58
${[{PtCl}_{4}]}^{2} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Pt + {4Cl}^{-}$	+0.755
${[{PtCl}_{6}]}^{2} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ {[{PtCl}_{4}]}^{2} + {2Cl}^{-}$	+0.68
${Pu}^{3} + {3e}^{-} ⟶ Pu$	-2.03
${Ra}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Ra$	-2.92
${Rb}^{+} + e^{-} ⟶ Rb$	-2.98
${[{RhCl}_{6}]}^{3-} + {3e}^{-} ⟶ Rh + {6Cl}^{-}$	+0.44
$S + {2e}^{-} ⟶ S^{2}$	-0.47627
$S + 2 H^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ H_{2} S$	+0.142
${Sc}^{3+} + {3e}^{-} ⟶ Sc$	-2.09
$Se + 2 H^{+} + 2 e^{-} ⟶ H_{2} Se$	-0.399
${[{iF}_{6}]}^{2} + {4e}^{-} ⟶ na + {6F}^{-}$	-1.2
${hivyo}_{3}^{2} + {3H}_{2} O + {4e}^{-} ⟶ na + {6OH}^{-}$	-1.697
${hivyo}_{2} + 4 H^{+} + 4 e^{-} ⟶ na + 2 H_{2} O$	-0.86
${Sm}^{3+} + {3e}^{-} ⟶ Sm$	-2.304
${Sn}^{4+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ {Sn}^{2+}$	+0.151
${Sn}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Sn$	-0.1375
${[{SNF}_{6}]}^{2—} + {4e}^{-} ⟶ Sn + {6F}^{-}$	-0.25
$SNs + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Sn + S^{2—}$	-0.94
${Sr}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Sr$	-2.89
${TeO}_{2} + 4 H^{+} + 4 e^{-} ⟶ Te + 2 H_{2} O$	+0.593
${Th}^{4+} + {4e}^{-} ⟶ Th$	-1.90
${Ti}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Ti$	-1.630
$U^{3+} + {3e}^{-} ⟶ U$	-1.79
$V^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ V$	-1.19
$Y^{3+} + {3e}^{-} ⟶ Y$	-2.37
${Zn}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Zn$	-0.7618
${[Zn {(CN)}_{4}]}^{2} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Zn + {4CN}^{-}$	-1.26
${[Zn {({NH}_{3})}_{4}]}^{2+} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Zn + {4NH}_{3}$	-1.04
$Zn {(OH)}_{2} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Zn + {2OH}^{-}$	-1.245
${[Zn {(OH)}_{4}]}^{2} + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Zn + {4OH}^{-}$	-1.199
$ZNs + {2e}^{-} ⟶ Zn + S^{2}$	-1.40
${Zr}^{4} + {4e}^{-} ⟶ Zr$	-1.539

Jedwali L1