22.3: Vitengo na Mambo ya uongofu
- Page ID
- 188146
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\(\newcommand{\avec}{\mathbf a}\) \(\newcommand{\bvec}{\mathbf b}\) \(\newcommand{\cvec}{\mathbf c}\) \(\newcommand{\dvec}{\mathbf d}\) \(\newcommand{\dtil}{\widetilde{\mathbf d}}\) \(\newcommand{\evec}{\mathbf e}\) \(\newcommand{\fvec}{\mathbf f}\) \(\newcommand{\nvec}{\mathbf n}\) \(\newcommand{\pvec}{\mathbf p}\) \(\newcommand{\qvec}{\mathbf q}\) \(\newcommand{\svec}{\mathbf s}\) \(\newcommand{\tvec}{\mathbf t}\) \(\newcommand{\uvec}{\mathbf u}\) \(\newcommand{\vvec}{\mathbf v}\) \(\newcommand{\wvec}{\mathbf w}\) \(\newcommand{\xvec}{\mathbf x}\) \(\newcommand{\yvec}{\mathbf y}\) \(\newcommand{\zvec}{\mathbf z}\) \(\newcommand{\rvec}{\mathbf r}\) \(\newcommand{\mvec}{\mathbf m}\) \(\newcommand{\zerovec}{\mathbf 0}\) \(\newcommand{\onevec}{\mathbf 1}\) \(\newcommand{\real}{\mathbb R}\) \(\newcommand{\twovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\ctwovec}[2]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\threevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cthreevec}[3]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfourvec}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\fivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{r}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\cfivevec}[5]{\left[\begin{array}{c}#1 \\ #2 \\ #3 \\ #4 \\ #5 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\mattwo}[4]{\left[\begin{array}{rr}#1 \amp #2 \\ #3 \amp #4 \\ \end{array}\right]}\) \(\newcommand{\laspan}[1]{\text{Span}\{#1\}}\) \(\newcommand{\bcal}{\cal B}\) \(\newcommand{\ccal}{\cal C}\) \(\newcommand{\scal}{\cal S}\) \(\newcommand{\wcal}{\cal W}\) \(\newcommand{\ecal}{\cal E}\) \(\newcommand{\coords}[2]{\left\{#1\right\}_{#2}}\) \(\newcommand{\gray}[1]{\color{gray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\lgray}[1]{\color{lightgray}{#1}}\) \(\newcommand{\rank}{\operatorname{rank}}\) \(\newcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\col}{\text{Col}}\) \(\renewcommand{\row}{\text{Row}}\) \(\newcommand{\nul}{\text{Nul}}\) \(\newcommand{\var}{\text{Var}}\) \(\newcommand{\corr}{\text{corr}}\) \(\newcommand{\len}[1]{\left|#1\right|}\) \(\newcommand{\bbar}{\overline{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bhat}{\widehat{\bvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\bperp}{\bvec^\perp}\) \(\newcommand{\xhat}{\widehat{\xvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\vhat}{\widehat{\vvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\uhat}{\widehat{\uvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\what}{\widehat{\wvec}}\) \(\newcommand{\Sighat}{\widehat{\Sigma}}\) \(\newcommand{\lt}{<}\) \(\newcommand{\gt}{>}\) \(\newcommand{\amp}{&}\) \(\definecolor{fillinmathshade}{gray}{0.9}\)| mita (m) | = 39.37 inches (katika.) = yadi 1.094 (yd) |
| sentimita (cm) | = 0.01 m (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| milimita (mm) | = 0.001 m (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| kilomita (km) | = 1000 m (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| angstrom () | = 10 —8 cm (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 10 —10 m (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| yadi (yd) | = 0.9144 m |
| inchi (katika.) | = 2.54 cm (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| maili (Marekani) | = 1.60934 km |
| lita (L) | = 0.001 m 3 (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 1000 cm 3 (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 1.057 (US) quarts |
| mililita (mL) | = 0.001 L (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 1 cm 3 (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| microlita | = 10 —6 L (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 10 —3 cm 3 (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| kioevu quart (Marekani) | = 32 (Marekani) ounces kioevu (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 0.25 (Marekani) gallon (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 0.9463 L |
| quart kavu | = 1.1012 L |
| cubic mguu (Marekani) | = 28.316 L |
| gramu (g) | = 0.001 kg (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| miligramu (mg) | = 0.001 g (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| kilo (kg) | = 1000 g (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 2.205 lb |
| tani (metriki) | =1000 kg (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 2204.62 lb |
| Ounsi (oz) | = 28.35 g |
| pauni (lb) | = 0.4535924 kilo |
| tani (fupi) | =2000 lb (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 907.185 kg |
| tani (muda mrefu) | = 2240 lb (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 1.016 tani za metri |
| 4.184 Joule (J) | = 1 calorie thermochemical (cal) |
| 1 calorie thermochemical (cal) | = 4.18410 - 7 erg |
| erg | = 10 —7 J (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| elektroni-volt (eV) | = 1.6021810 -19 J = 23.061 kcal mol-1 |
| lita+angahewa | = 24.217 cal = 101.325 J (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| kalori ya lishe (Cal) | = 1000 cal (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 4184 J |
| Kitengo cha mafuta cha Uingereza (BTU) | = 1054.804 J 1 |
| torr | = 1 mm Hg (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| Pascal (Pa) | = N m -2 (halisi, ufafanuzi) = kg m —1 s —2 (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| anga (atm) | = 760 mm Hg (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 760 torr (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 101,325 N m —2 (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 101,325 Pa (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
| baa | = 10 5 Pa (halisi, ufafanuzi) = 10 5 kg m —1 s —2 (halisi, ufafanuzi) |
maelezo ya chini
- 1 BTU ni kiasi cha nishati kinachohitajika ili kuchoma pauni moja ya maji kwa shahada moja Fahrenheit. Kwa hiyo uhusiano halisi wa BTU kwa joules na vitengo vingine vya nishati hutegemea halijoto ambalo BTU inapimwa. 59 °F (15 °C) ni joto la kumbukumbu linalotumika sana kwa ufafanuzi wa BTU nchini Marekani. Kwa joto hili, sababu ya uongofu ni moja iliyotolewa katika meza hii.