16.7: Equações-chave

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Δ S = \frac{q_{rev}}{T}

S = k em W

Δ S = k ln \frac{W_{f}}{W_{eu}}

Δ S ° = 4 π S ° (produtos) - 4 π S ° (reagentes)

Δ S = \frac{q_{rev}}{T}

ΔS _univ = ΔS _sys + ΔS _surr

Δ S_{univ} = Δ S_{diz} + Δ S_{surfar} = Δ S_{diz} + \frac{q_{surfar}}{T}

ΔG = ΔH − T ΔS