13.1 : Prélude à la psychologie industrielle et organisationnelle
- Page ID
- 190484
Objectifs d'apprentissage
- Explorez la psychologie industrielle et organisationnelle
En juillet 2012, Yahoo ! , l'une des plus grandes et des plus anciennes sociétés Web, a annoncé la nomination de Marissa Mayer au poste de PDG. Yahoo ! avait du mal à se définir et à exceller dans le secteur depuis plusieurs années, et la nomination de Mayer, l'un des principaux dirigeants de Google, a fait la une des journaux. Parmi ses nombreuses décisions, Mayer a annoncé en février 2013 que les employés ne seraient plus autorisés à télétravailler. Le télétravail est représentatif des nombreuses innovations en matière de gestion qui ont été apportées ces dernières années, principalement par des entreprises technologiques. Le télétravail reflète la conviction des entreprises selon laquelle les employés sont responsables, motivés et travaillent peut-être mieux lorsqu'ils sont laissés seuls. Cela a également un impact sur l'équilibre entre vie professionnelle et famille, mais la voie à suivre n'est pas encore claire. Et le télétravail reflète la tendance plus générale à un chevauchement croissant entre le temps passé par les travailleurs au travail et le temps passé en dehors du travail.
Le renversement de cette politique chez Yahoo ! a suscité des controverses et suscité de nombreuses questions sur ce que cela signifiait. Mayer est restée largement silencieuse sur son raisonnement à l'origine de cette décision, sauf pour dire qu'elle visait à améliorer l'entreprise. Elle a finalement abordé brièvement sa décision lors de la conférence Great Place to Work de 2013 (Tkaczyk, 2013) en disant, entre autres choses, que si « les gens sont plus productifs lorsqu'ils sont seuls, ils sont plus collaboratifs et innovants lorsqu'ils sont ensemble ». Fait intéressant, peu de temps après le Yahoo ! changement, le détaillant d'appareils électroniques grand public Best Buy a également éliminé le télétravail comme option pour ses employés. Le changement fera-t-il de Yahoo ! plus innovant ou plus productif ? Comment le changement a-t-il affecté les employés de l'entreprise, en particulier les parents qui travaillent et les personnes qui s'occupent de parents âgés ? Le changement a-t-il été introduit de la manière la plus efficace ? Ce sont des questions couramment étudiées par une branche de la psychologie appelée psychologie industrielle et organisationnelle.
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