7.1 : Prélude à la pensée et à l'intelligence
- Page ID
- 190204
Objectifs d'apprentissage
- Qu'est-ce que l'intelligence et comment varie-t-elle d'une personne à l'autre
- Que sont les processus cognitifs de haut
Pourquoi est-il si difficile de changer ses habitudes, comme de prendre la sonnerie de son téléphone alors que vous ne devriez pas le faire, par exemple lorsque vous conduisez ? Comment une personne qui n'a jamais vu ou touché de la neige dans la vie réelle parvient-elle à comprendre le concept de neige ? Comment les jeunes enfants acquièrent-ils la capacité d'apprendre une langue sans instruction formelle ? Les psychologues qui étudient la pensée explorent des questions comme celles-ci.
Les psychologues cognitifs étudient également l'intelligence. Qu'est-ce que l'intelligence et comment varie-t-elle d'une personne à l'autre ? L' « intelligence de la rue » est-elle une sorte d'intelligence et, dans l'affirmative, comment se rapportent-elles à d'autres types de renseignement ? Que mesure réellement un test de QI ? Ces questions et d'autres seront explorées dans ce chapitre pendant que vous étudierez la pensée et l'intelligence.
Dans d'autres chapitres, nous avons abordé les processus cognitifs de la perception, de l'apprentissage et de la mémoire. Dans ce chapitre, nous allons nous concentrer sur les processus cognitifs de haut niveau. Dans le cadre de cette discussion, nous réfléchirons à la réflexion et explorerons brièvement le développement et l'utilisation du langage. Nous aborderons également la résolution de problèmes et la créativité avant de terminer par une discussion sur la façon dont l'intelligence est mesurée et comment notre biologie et notre environnement interagissent pour affecter l'intelligence. Après avoir terminé ce chapitre, vous aurez une meilleure idée des processus cognitifs de haut niveau qui contribuent à notre caractère distinctif en tant qu'espèce.
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