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19: Madini ya Mpito na Kemia ya Uratibu

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    182492

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    Transition metali hufafanuliwa kama mambo hayo ambayo (au kwa urahisi fomu) sehemu kujazwa d orbitals. Hizi ni pamoja na d -block (vikundi 3—11) na vipengele f-block kipengele. Aina mbalimbali za mali zilizoonyeshwa na metali za mpito ni kutokana na shells zao za valence tata. Tofauti na metali nyingi za kikundi ambapo hali moja ya oksidi inazingatiwa kwa kawaida, muundo wa shell ya valence ya metali ya mpito ina maana kwamba kwa kawaida hutokea katika majimbo mbalimbali ya oksidi imara. Aidha, mabadiliko ya elektroni katika vipengele hivi yanaweza kuendana na ngozi ya photons katika wigo unaoonekana wa umeme, na kusababisha misombo ya rangi. Kwa sababu ya tabia hizi, metali za mpito zinaonyesha kemia tajiri na yenye kuvutia.

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