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31.5: 天文学的一些有用常数（附录 E）

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    202856

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    表\(\PageIndex{1}\)：物理常数
    姓名 价值
    \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 光速 (c) \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >2.9979 × 10 8 m/s
    \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 引力常数 (G) \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >6.674 × 10 −11 m 3/(kg s 2)
    \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-Phys-19716” >Planck 的常量 (h) \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >6.626 × 10 −34 J-s
    \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 氢原子的质量 (M H) \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >1.673 × 10 −27 kg
    \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 电子质量 (M e) \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >9.109 × 10 −31 kg
    \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-Phys-19716">rydberg 常量 (R ∞) \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >1.0974 × 10 7 m −1
    \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716">Stefan-Boltzmann 常量 (α) \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >5.670×10 −8 J/ (s·m 2 deg 4) 1
    \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716">维也纳定律常量（λ max T） \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >2.898 × 10 −3 m K
    \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 电子伏特（能量）(eV) \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >1.602 × 10 −19 J
    \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 1 吨 TNT 的能量当量 \ (\ pageIndex {1}\)：物理常量值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >4.2 × 10 9 J
    表\(\PageIndex{2}\)：天文常数
    姓名 价值
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 天文单位（澳大利亚） \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >1.496 × 10 11 m
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-Phys-19716">光年 (ly) \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >9.461 × 10 15 m
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >parsec (pc) \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >3.086 × 10 16 m = 3.262 光年
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 恒星年 (y) \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >3.156×10 7 s
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 地球质量（M E arth） \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >5.974 × 10 24 kg
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 地球赤道半径（R Eart h） \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >6.378 × 10 6 m
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 黄道的倾斜 \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >23° 26'
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 地球的表面重力 (g) \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >9.807 m/s 2
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 地球逃生速度（v 地球） \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >1.119 × 10 4 m/s
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 太阳质量（M Sun） \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >1.989×10 30 kg
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 太阳（R Sun）的赤道半径 \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >6.960 × 10 8 m
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 太阳（L Sun）的亮度 \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >3.85 × 10 26 W
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 太阳常数（地球接收的能量通量）（S） \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” >1.368 × 10 3 W/m 2
    \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常量名称” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-Phys-19716">哈勃常数 (H 0) \ (\ pageIndex {2}\)：天文常数值” data-valign= “top” class= “lt-phys-19716” > 每百万光年大约 20 km/s，或每兆帕秒大约 70 km/s

    脚注

    1 度代表摄氏度或开尔文

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